Optimization of Mbv Isolation through Matrix Dissociation

INTRODUCTION Decellularized extracellular matrix (ECM) has been shown to promote a regenerative response when administered at the site of a wound [1]. ECM is known to recruit perivascular stem cells, polarize macrophages in an anti-inflammatory manner, and increase collagen deposition at the site of implantation. However, little is known about the mechanisms or specific components of ECM that facilitate this response. Recently, a new bioactive component of ECM was discovered, termed membrane-bound vesicles (MBVs) [2]. MBVs are nanovesicles that are embedded within the collagen fibers of the matrix. Interestingly, they have only been able to be isolated following digestion of ECM by a protease enzyme, followed by ultracentrifugation. MBVs have exhibited the ability to mimic the regenerative response produced by unaltered ECM. If MBVs are indeed the mechanism by which ECM acquires its renowned regenerative properties, isolating MBVs in their purest form could be of great use therapeutically and for the advancement of basic concepts of regenerative medicine.